Health condition of first permanent molars in year 1977 and 2007 in children in Istria (Croatia).

The aim of this study was to examine differences between health condition of the first permanent molar (M1) in children in 1977 and 2007. The materials for the study consisted of data on the health condition of M1 determined in a study in 1977 (Group I) for children from the district of Buje in Istria. The health condition of M1 was examined again in the same area in 2007 (Group II). The first permanent molar is most frequently affected by caries and represent a good indicator for general caries incidence of children. Study included 709 subjects in Group I (363 boys, 346 girls) and 460 subjects in Group II (242 boys, 218 girls), aged from 6 years and 0 months to 12 years and 5 months. The difference in the frequency of intact, decayed, filled and missingd M1 was examined in both groups. Chi2 test was used to determine the differences between the number of I (intact), D (decayed), F (filled) and M (missing) teeth for each age group in Group I and Group II. In Group I there were 29.3% intact, 48.9% decayed, 17.4% filled and 4.3% missing M1, and in Group II there were 53.0% intact, 22.6% decayed, 22.1% filled and 2.1% missing M1. During the period of 30 years, a significant increase of number of dental surgeries, and thus better preventive and health education, resulted in the significant increase in the number of intact (24.0%) and filled (4.7%) M1, and decrease in the number of decayed (26.3%) and missing (2.2%) M1. From 1977 to 2007, the number of intact M1 in group II increased considerably according to group I, while the number of decayed M1 in group II significant decreased according to group I. These changes were the result of a considerably increased number of dental surgeries.